What are 'Slabs' defined as in the context of structural elements?

In the context of structural elements, slabs are defined as horizontal structural members that have a large surface area relative to their thickness. They typically serve as floors or roofs in buildings and other structures, providing both support and stability. The characteristic feature of slabs is that their length and width dimensions significantly exceed their thickness. This allows slabs to distribute loads over a wide area, providing a stable base for construction above or below.

The other choices do not accurately describe slabs. Thick, vertical structural elements typically refer to columns or walls, which differ in orientation and function compared to slabs. Horizontal beams that connect columns are known as girders or beams, not slabs, which have a different structural role. Lastly, short, supporting members in a structure would match a different category, such as joists or braces, which again do not align with the definition of slabs. Thus, the understanding of slabs as large horizontal elements emphasizes their role in structural design and the distribution of loads effectively throughout a construction.