What type of rock is formed from melted rock that has cooled and solidified?

The correct answer is igneous rock, which forms from the cooling and solidification of molten rock material, known as magma or lava. When magma cools beneath the Earth's surface, it creates intrusive igneous rock, such as granite. Conversely, when lava erupts onto the Earth's surface and cools quickly, it forms extrusive igneous rock, such as basalt. The key characteristic of igneous rock is its origin from melted rock material, indicating that it crystallized from a liquid state.

Sedimentary rock, on the other hand, is formed from the accumulation and compaction of mineral and organic particles, not from the cooling of melted rock. Metamorphic rock originates from existing rocks that have been transformed through heat, pressure, or chemically active fluids, rather than being formed from molten material. Granular rock is not a standard geological term and does not specifically describe a type of rock formed from melted rock. Thus, igneous rock is the only choice that accurately describes the process of cooling and solidification of melted rock.