What type of solids does Total Suspended Solids (TSS) refer to?

Total Suspended Solids (TSS) is a measure that includes all solids that are suspended in a liquid, specifically in water or wastewater. TSS encompasses both volatile and fixed suspended solids.

Volatile solids refer to those that can be vaporized (or lost) when heated, typically organic materials like algae and bacteria. Fixed suspended solids, on the other hand, are primarily inorganic materials like sand, silt, and debris that do not decompose at high temperatures. The measurement of TSS includes both types of solids because it provides a complete picture of the solid content in the liquid, which is crucial for assessing water quality, treatment processes, and environmental impact.

Understanding TSS is vital for engineers and environmental scientists, as it plays an essential role in wastewater management and treatment processes. Monitoring TSS levels helps determine appropriate treatment strategies to mitigate pollution and ensures compliance with environmental regulations.