Which surveying technique uses the measurement of acceleration to determine distance?

Inertial survey systems are based on the principle of measuring acceleration to determine the distance traveled. These systems utilize accelerometers to record the changes in speed and direction of an object. By integrating these acceleration measurements over time, the system can calculate the distance moved from a known starting point. This technique is particularly useful in environments where traditional surveying methods may be impractical or impossible, such as in areas where GPS signals are weak or obstructed.

In contrast, Gunter's Chain is a physical measuring tool used primarily for land surveying, which involves direct measurement of distance along a chain, not measurement of acceleration. Triangular stations involve the method of triangulation to determine distances and positions but do not measure acceleration. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are used for managing, analyzing, and visualizing spatial data, but they do not fundamentally rely on measuring acceleration for distance determination. Thus, the correct identification of inertial survey systems as the technique that uses acceleration measurements solidifies its relevance and application in modern surveying practices.